The typical hobbyist aquarium will include a filtration system, an artificial lighting system, and a heater or chiller depending on the inhabitants of the aquarium. Many aquaria incorporate a hood, which prevents evaporation and protects fish from leaving the aquarium (or anything else from entering the aquarium). They also often hold lights.

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	biOrb Airstone - 2 Pack Average Rating:
	The air stone at the base of the aquarium breaks up the flow of air into a mass of bubbles.

	Elite 800 Air Pump - Elite A800 Average Rating:
	Elite 800 Air Pump - Elite A800.

	Whisper 40 Aquarium Air Pump Average Rating:
	The new shape of silence. The Whisper Air patented dome shape and sound dampening chambers minimize turbulence and produce a smooth quiet stream of air. Wide footprint, rubber feet and suspended pump motor eliminate sound producing vibrations...

	Fusion Air Pump 400
	Fusion air pump 400

	Aqua Fizzzz 1 inch Cylinder Air Stone (4/pkg)
	1.5" (2.84cm) Durable air stones effectively create water currents and dazzling underwater scenes Increases surface agitation, oxygenates water Helps release carbon dioxide build-up Small sizes fit common box filters and undergravel riser stems Fits standard airline tubing

	Fusion Air Pump 300
	Fusion air pump 300

Check out these other great items Tropical Fish Stickers.

Combined biological and mechanical aquarium filtration systems are commonly used; these are designed to either convert ammonia to nitrate or remove it or sometimes remove phosphate from water, removing nitrogen being at the expense of aquatic plants. Particulates incorporated into the filter can provide energy for microbes and sponges that do things like nitration. Filtration systems are often the most complex component of home aquaria.

Aquarium heaters combine a heating element with a thermostat, allowing an aquarist to regulate water temperature at a level above that of the surrounding air, whereas coolers and chillers (refrigeration devices) are for use in cold water aquaria, or anywhere the ambient room temperature is above the desired tank temperature. Thermometers used include glass alcohol thermometers, adhesive external plastic strip thermometers, and battery-powered LCD thermometers. In addition, some aquarists use air pumps attached to airstones or water pumps to increase water circulation and supply adequate gas exchange at the water surface. Wave-making devices have also been constructed to provide wave action.

An aquarium's physical characteristics form another aspect of aquarium design. Size, lighting conditions, density of floating and rooted plants, placement of bogwood, creation of caves or overhangs, type of substrate, and other factors (including an aquarium's positioning within a room) can all affect the behavior and survival of tank inhabitants.

An aquarium can be placed on an aquarium stand. Because of the weight of the aquarium, a stand must be strong as well as level. A tank that is not level may distort, leak, or crack. These are often built like cabinets to allow storage, available in many styles so it can match room decor. Simple metal tank stands are also available. Some sources say that polystyrene should be placed under the aquarium as a safety precaution.